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Baby's Brain The baby's brain is believed to be created around 18 days after the embryo is born. The brain grows rapidly until about 24 weeks (6 months) after the embryo is born, at which stage the brain is still smooth and wrinkles. After entering the 28th week (7th month), many wrinkle-less and sulci appear on the cerebral surface and by 36 to 40th week (9~10th month), the outer appearance of the brain becomes equivalent to the adult's brain. Reference book: The Univers Withinē by NHK Publishing
	Neck According to clinical tests and various data, babies can hold their head up at the average of 3.5 months after birth. If the baby is put in a stroller while its neck cannot support its head, the head and the upper body will fall forward, which may cause the baby to vomit milk or even cause breathing trouble. This can be avoided by maintaining the reclining angle at 170 . Also, when the baby is sitting up, it is important that its spine and neck are kept straight.

	*Spine* A babyēs spine, which includes the central nerves of motor and sensory nerves and spinal cord, is a very important part of the body connecting the brain and the body. All the functional developments of the body including physical growth and brain development are apparent during the infant period. It is a very important period when spacious room that will not obstruct the development of spine is necessary As the spine grows the most when the baby is asleep, it is importment to let the baby sleep with ample space.

Hip Dislocation of the hip joint occurs when the hip joint between the legs and the pelvis (red circle) protrudes or begins to protrude. If left unattended, the baby may limp when he or she starts walking. If the baby grows up without realizing its partial or full dislocation of the hip joint (red circle in the x-ray pictures), it may lead-to various problems such as poor movement of the hip joints, pain in hip joints. Or difficulty in walking or squatting.

Interaction between babies and mother
There are various kinds of interaction between mothers and babies, but they can be classified according to the five senses.

Interaction through sense of touching
Mothers feel their babies' smooth skin, and babies feel their mothers' hands and body to confirm each other's existence. Physical contact such as hugging, patting and kissing is very important.

It is natural for mothers to confirm their love by tenderly gazing at their babies, but even newborn babies are aware of their mothers' gazes. Even though newborn babies' eyes are not yet developed, the retina in their eyes are as equally developed as that of the adult. Babies are believed to be capable of seeing fairly well up to a distance of 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches). If a mother looks into her baby's eyes and moves her face while speaking gently, even a month-old baby's pupils will react although only slightly. This interaction between the warmhearted mother and the baby is called 'eye-to-eye contact', which is considered to be an important base upon which a sound mother-child relationship is built.

Interaction through sense of hearing
Mothers listen to their babies' cries and laughter, and the babies listen to their mothers' words and lullabies. This interaction is based on speaking and listening. When talking to each other, they are practicing what is called 'entrainment' which means making sympathetic gestures or changing facial expressions. A detailed computer analysis reveals that not only infants but also newborns exhibit entrainment. This proves the importance for babies to be spoken with love by their mothers and surrounding people.

Interaction through sense of smell
Mothers enjoy the milky smell of their babies. And it is believed that newborns, right after birth, can differentiate their mothers from other people by their unique body scents. Even though human sense of smell is known to be weaker than that of other mammals, interaction between mothers and babies, based on the sense of smell has a profound influence on both newborns and infants.

Interaction through sense of taste
Newborn babies are able to distinguish various tastes, and are known to react positively toward sweetness. Mothers' milk, when compared with the uniform taste of infant formula, contains four times more fat at the beginning than at the end of nursing, So the taste of breast milk plays a significant role in the interaction between mothers and babies .